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KMID : 0353019730100010164
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Korean Journal of Public Health
1973 Volume.10 No. 1 p.164 ~ p.176
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A Comparison of Wives´ Attitude with that of Husbands´toward Family Planning in Urban Area
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Abstract
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For the purpose of making a comparative analysis of the attitudes toward family planning of the husbands and wives both as an individual and also as a member of couple.
Particularly comparing the communication, coneurrence and empathy between spouses; the author conducts a series of surveys with two different questionaire forms for husband and wife, which were designed to interview spouces at the same time but in separated placed in order to prevent their exchange of information on some of the questions.
The surveys were carried out during June 1 to August 30, 1972 in Seoul toward two hundred purposely selected households, age of the housewives of which were ranging from 20 to 49. The results and findings abtained from the surveys were summarized as follows :
1. General characteristics of the husband and wives:
The average ages of the husbands and wives were 37.2 years and 33.6 years respectively, thus making
the average age difference between the husbands and wives to be 3.6 years. The most common educational background was the completion of college education for the husbands; and the completion of middle or high school education for the wives. Husbands with higher education than their wives consist of 45.0 percent, the case of the same level 54.5 percent; and husbands with lower education 0.5 per cent.
The mean ages at marriage of the husbands and wives were 26.6 years respectively and the average age difference at marriage between the husbands and wives seemed to be 3.5 years. The average duration of marriage was 10.5 years. The means for pregnancies, children, sons, and daughters were found to be 4.4, 2.9, 1.5, 1.4 respectively.
Couples having more sons than daughters constituted 45.5 per cent; those with equal number of sons and daughters, 23.0 per cent; and those with smaller number of sons, 31.5 per cent.
2. The communication between the spouses on family planning :
The household who had communication about family planning mere 74.0 per cent and approved rate of family planning was 85.1 per cent. The household who had no communication about family planning were 74.1 per cent.
The more communications were made between the spouses, the higher rate of approving family planning was found, thus resulting in the more practice of birth control.
3. The concurrence between the spouses on family planning:
It was well approved that 82.5 per cent of husbands and 82.0 per cent of wives preferred small family ideals (3 or less children) 59.0 per cent of the total spouses actually concurred on an ideal number of children, and 51.5 per cent of the total couples wanted 3 or less children as an ideal. Most spouses concurred to have a small family, and an ideal number of children for husbands and wives were 3.1 and 3.0 respectively. It was proved that increase in educational levels and decreases in ages and ideal number of children on the part of the spouses served to elevate the desirability of a small family.
Sevelty two per cent of the couples expressed the concurred opinion of two sons as an ideal number of sons, and the ideal number of sons on the part wives was somewhat larger than husbands. Seventy eight per cent of the spouses who had four or more living children, showed no desirability of additional children .
While 47.5 per cent of the total spouses expressed the concurred opinion of no additional children, 25.0 per cent wanted one or more additional children, and 27.5 per cent did not concur on the additional number of children.
As for an ideal spacing interval between births, 50.0 par cent of the husbands and 48.5 per cent of the wives wanted to have a period of 2-2.5 years as an ideal ideal interval. Thirty four per cent of the couples presented opinion of 2 or 2.5 years as an ideal interval: and 18.0 per cent of the husbands wanted longer interval than their spouse while 20.5 per cent of the wives desired longer interval than their spouse. 4.5 per cent of the couples wanted low fertility whereas 5.5 per cent desired high dertility. In regard to the desirability of more knowledge on family planning, only 21.5 per cent of the spouses wanted it positively, and more wives desired the knowledge than husbands.
4. The empathy between the spouses on family planning :
It was proved that 76.0 per cent of the wives and 79.0 per cent of the husbands had correct empathy of their partner´s felling on family planning. In case couples had more education, their perception of each other´s feeling encreased. By ages, wives of 30´s and husband of 40´s had accurate perception of their partner´s feelings. As the empathy was declining, concurrence declined as well.
In case wives had correct empathy of their husbands and concurrence on approval increased than in opposite case. In the catagory under which husbands and wives concurred on family planning, 81.5 per cent of them perceived each other correctly.
When neither partner concurred, only 9.4 per cent of them perceived correctly.
As husbands and wives concurred on the additional number of children, 84.1 per cent of them perceived
each other correctly, and in case neither partner concurred, 32.8 per cent of them perceived correctly.
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